PAYE vs Umbrella vs Ltd Comparison

Compares take-home pay across PAYE, umbrella company, and limited company setups.

A simplified comparison using standard assumptions: umbrella deducts employer NI, apprenticeship levy, and a flat £1,200/year margin before PAYE tax; Ltd company assumes a £9,100 director salary, £1,000/year running costs, 19% corporation tax, and full dividend extraction. Real numbers vary with your accountant, umbrella provider, and IR35 status — this is for comparison shape, not a quote.